ICASSP 2013 Paper Review Categories

* indicates that this line can be assigned as a paper's topic.

 
1:Audio and Acoustic Signal Processing
 1.1*:Room Acoustics and Acoustic System Modeling
 1.2*:Transducers
 1.3*:Loudspeaker and Microphone Array Signal Processing
 1.4*:Active Noise Control
 1.5*:Echo Cancellation
 1.6*:Auditory Modeling and Hearing Aids
 1.7*:Source Separation and Signal Enhancement
 1.8*:Spatial and Multichannel Audio
 1.9*:Audio Coding
 1.10*:Audio Analysis and Synthesis
 1.11*:Content-Based Audio Processing
 1.12*:Audio for Multimedia
 1.13*:Network Audio
 1.14*:Audio Processing Systems
 1.15*:Bioacoustics and Medical Acoustics
 1.16*:Music Signal Processing
 
2:Bio Imaging and Signal Processing
 2.1:Medical imaging
  2.1.1*:Image formation
  2.1.2*:Reconstruction and restoration
  2.1.3*:Computed tomography (CT, PET or SPECT)
  2.1.4*:Biomedical Imaging
  2.1.5*:Magnetic resonance imaging
  2.1.6*:Ultrasound imaging
 2.2:Medical image analysis
  2.2.1*:Segmentation
  2.2.2*:Registration
  2.2.3*:Feature extraction and classification
 2.3:Bioimaging and microscopy
  2.3.1*:Cellular and molecular imaging
  2.3.2*:Deconvolution and inverse problems
  2.3.3*:Segmentation and analysis
  2.3.4*:Tracking and motion analysis
 2.4:Biomedical signal processing
  2.4.1*:Physiological signals (ECG, EEG, ...)
  2.4.2*:Detection and estimation
  2.4.3*:Feature extraction and classification
  2.4.4*:Multi-channel processing
 2.5:Bioinformatics
  2.5.1*:Genomics and proteomics
  2.5.2*:Computational biology and biological networks
 
3:Image, Video, and Multidimensional Signal Processing
 3.1:Image/Video Coding
  3.1.1*:Still Image Coding
  3.1.2*:Video Coding
  3.1.3*:Stereoscopic and 3-D Coding
  3.1.4*:Distributed Source Coding
  3.1.5*:Image/Video Transmission
 3.2:Image/Video Processing
  3.2.1*:Image Filtering
  3.2.2*:Restoration
  3.2.3*:Enhancement
  3.2.4*:Image Segmentation
  3.2.5*:Video Segmentation and Tracking
  3.2.6*:Morphological Processing
  3.2.7*:Stereoscopic and 3-D Processing
  3.2.8*:Image Feature Extraction
  3.2.9*:Image Analysis
  3.2.10*:Video Feature Extraction
  3.2.11*:Video Analysis
  3.2.12*:Modeling
  3.2.13*:Biometrics
  3.2.14*:Interpolation and Super-resolution
  3.2.15*:Motion Detection and Estimation
 3.3:Image Formation
  3.3.1*:Remote Sensing Imaging
  3.3.2*:Geophysical and Seismic Imaging
  3.3.3*:Optical Imaging
  3.3.4*:Synthetic-Natural Hybrid Image Systems
 3.4:Image Scanning, Display, and Printing
  3.4.1*:Scanning and Sampling
  3.4.2*:Quantization and Halftoning
  3.4.3*:Color Reproduction
  3.4.4*:Image Representation and Rendering
  3.4.5*:Display and Printing Systems
  3.4.6*:Image Quality Assessment
 3.5:Image/Video Storage, Retrieval
  3.5.1*:Image and Video Databases
  3.5.2*:Image Indexing and Retrieval
  3.5.3*:Video Indexing, Retrieval and Editing
 
4:Design and Implementation of Signal Processing Systems
 4.1*:Algorithm and architecture co-optimization
 4.2*:Compilers and tools for DSP implementation
 4.3*:DSP algorithm implementation in hardware and software
 4.4*:Low-power signal processing techniques and architectures
 4.5*:Programmable and reconfigurable DSP architectures
 4.6*:System-on-chip architectures for signal processing
 
5:Industry Technology Track
 5.1:DSP Chips and Architectures
  5.1.1*:Mixed Signal Processing
  5.1.2*:Special-Purpose and FPGA DSPs
  5.1.3*:Host-Based Signal Processing
  5.1.4*:Multiprocessor Architectures
 5.2:DSP Tools and Rapid Prototyping
  5.2.1*:DSP Simulation Tools
  5.2.2*:Rapid Prototyping and languages
  5.2.3*:DSP Libraries
  5.2.4*:Operating Systems
 5.3:Communication Technologies
  5.3.1*:Cellular and Satellite Telephony
  5.3.2*:Data Communications and Networking
  5.3.3*:Sortware-Defined Radios
  5.3.4*:Vocoders
  5.3.5*:Power Line Communication
  5.3.6*:RFID
 5.4:Speech Processing Applications
  5.4.1*:Speaker Recognition
  5.4.2*:Speech Compression
  5.4.3*:Speech Enhancement
  5.4.4*:Speech Recognition
  5.4.5*:Speech Synthesis
 5.5:Multimedia and DTV Technologies
  5.5.1*:DSP Implementations of Music, Speech, and Audio
  5.5.2*:Image and Video Applications
  5.5.3*:Standards and Format Conversions
  5.5.4*:Internet and Teleconferencing
 5.6:Adaptive Interference Cancellation
  5.6.1*:Smart Antennas
  5.6.2*:Active Sound Reduction
  5.6.3*:Acoustic and Electrical Noise and Echo Cancellation
  5.6.4*:Hands-Free Telephony
 5.7:Automotive Applications
  5.7.1*:Intelligent Dashboards, Vehicles, and Highways (IVHS)
  5.7.2*:Engine Management
  5.7.3*:Route Planning and Tracking
  5.7.4*:New Consumer Applications
 5.8:Defense and Security Applications
  5.8.1*:Optical Correlation
  5.8.2*:Decluttering Target Identification and Tracking
  5.8.3*:DSP-Based Cryptography, Stenography, and Watermarking
  5.8.4*:Radar and Sonar
 5.9:Emerging DSP Applications
  5.9.1*:Biometrics
  5.9.2*:Biomedical
  5.9.3*:Power Systems and Motor Controls
  5.9.4*:Machine Learning
 5.10*:Other ITT Topics
 
6:Information Forensics and Security
 6.1:Watermarking and Steganography
  6.1.1*:Theoretical models
  6.1.2*:Algorithms
  6.1.3*:Benchmarking and security analysis
  6.1.4*:Steganography and steganalysis
 6.2:Multimedia Forensics
  6.2.1*:Sensor and channel forensics
  6.2.2*:Tamper detection
  6.2.3*:Anti-forensics and countermeasures
  6.2.4*:Plagiarism and near-duplicate detection
  6.2.5*:Robust hashing
 6.3:Biometrics
  6.3.1*:Biometric methods and modalities
  6.3.2*:Biometric security
  6.3.3*:Performance and evaluation
 6.4:Communications and Network Security
  6.4.1*:Jamming and anti-jamming
  6.4.2*:Covert or stealthy communication
  6.4.3*:Secret key extraction from channels
  6.4.4*:Information theoretic security
  6.4.5*:Network attacks, protection and monitoring
 6.5:Signal Processing and Cryptography
  6.5.1*:Multimedia encryption
  6.5.2*:Signal processing in the encrypted domain
  6.5.3*:Traitor tracing codes
  6.5.4*:Visual secret sharing
  6.5.5*:Side channel attacks
  6.5.6*:Privacy protection
 6.6:Applications
  6.6.1*:Surveillance
  6.6.2*:Content protection, identification and monitoring
  6.6.3*:Cloud and distributed computing systems
  6.6.4*:Smart grid and power/energy systems
  6.6.5*:Social media and network systems
 
7:Machine Learning for Signal Processing
 7.1*:Other applications of machine learning (MLR-APPL)
 7.2*:Bayesian learning; Bayesian signal processing (MLR-BAYL)
 7.3*:Cognitive information processing (MLR-COGP)
 7.4*:Distributed and Cooperative Learning (MLR-DIST)
 7.5*:Applications in Data Fusion (MLR-FUSI)
 7.6*:Graphical and kernel methods (MLR-GRKN)
 7.7*:Independent component analysis (MLR-ICAN)
 7.8*:Information-theoretic learning (MLR-INFO)
 7.9*:Learning theory and algorithms (MLR-LEAR)
 7.10*:Applications in Music and Audio Processing (MLR-MUSI)
 7.11*:Neural network learning (MLR-NNLR)
 7.12*:Pattern recognition and classification (MLR-PATT)
 7.13*:Bounds on performance (MLR-PERF)
 7.14*:Sequential learning; sequential decision methods (MLR-SLER)
 7.15*:Source separation (MLR-SSEP)
 7.16*:Applications in Systems Biology (MLR-SYSB)
 
8:Multimedia Signal Processing
 8.1:Multimodal signal processing
  8.1.1*:Joint processing/presentation of audio-visual information
  8.1.2*:Synchronization of audio and visual data
  8.1.3*:Fusion/fission of sensor information or multimodal data
  8.1.4*:Integration of media, art, and multimedia technology
 8.2:Virtual reality and 3D imaging
  8.2.1*:2D and 3D graphics/geometry coding and animation
  8.2.2*:3D audio and video processing
  8.2.3*:Virtual reality and mixed-reality in networked environments
 8.3:Multimedia communications and networking
  8.3.1*:Wireless and mobile multimedia communication
  8.3.2*:Media streaming, media content distribution, and storage
  8.3.3*:Quality of service provisioning
  8.3.4*:Cross-layer design for multimedia communication
  8.3.5*:Overlay, peer-to-peer, and peer-assisted networking for multimedia
  8.3.6*:Home networking for multimedia
  8.3.7*:Location-aware multimedia computing
  8.3.8*:Multimedia sensor and ad hoc networks
  8.3.9*:Media compression and related standardization activities
  8.3.10*:Multimedia watermarking
  8.3.11*:Distributed source and source-channel coding
 8.4:Multimedia security and content protection
  8.4.1*:Data hiding
  8.4.2*:Authentication
  8.4.3*:Access control
  8.4.4*:Single and multi-media security
  8.4.5*:Multimedia forensics
  8.4.6*:Security applications of watermarking and fingerprinting
 8.5:Multimedia human-machine interface and interaction
  8.5.1*:Human perception modelling
  8.5.2*:Modeling of multimodal perception
  8.5.3*:Human-human and human-computer dialog
  8.5.4*:Multimodal interfaces
  8.5.5*:Brain-computer interfaces
 8.6:Quality Assessment
  8.6.1*:Subjective visual quality assessment
  8.6.2*:Objective visual quality assessment
  8.6.3*:Subjective auditory quality assessment
  8.6.4*:Objective auditory quality assessment
  8.6.5*:Evaluation of user experience, cross-modal assessment
  8.6.6*:Standardization activities
 8.7:Multimedia databases and digital libraries
  8.7.1*:Visual indexing, analysis and representation
  8.7.2*:Audio indexing, analysis and representation
  8.7.3*:Content-based and context-based information retrieval
  8.7.4*:Knowledge and semantics in media annotation and retrieval
  8.7.5*:Fingerprinting and duplicate detection
 8.8:Multimedia computing systems and applications
  8.8.1*:Multimedia system design
  8.8.2*:Distributed multimedia systems
  8.8.3*:Entertainment and gaming
  8.8.4*:e-Health and telemedicine
  8.8.5*:IP video/web conferencing
  8.8.6*:e-learning
 8.9:Hardware and software for multimedia systems
  8.9.1*:Multimedia hardware design
  8.9.2*:Real-time multimedia systems
  8.9.3*:Implementations on graphics processing units (GPUs)
  8.9.4*:Implementations on general-purpose processors, multimedia processors, DSPs, multi-core processors
  8.9.5*:Implementations in portable/wearable systems
  8.9.6*:Power-aware systems for multimedia
 8.10:Haptic technology and interaction
  8.10.1*:Processing and rendering of haptic signals
  8.10.2*:Compression and transmission of haptic signals
  8.10.3*:Audio-visual-haptic environments
  8.10.4*:Multimedia applications using haptics
 8.11:Bio-inspired multimedia systems and signal processing
  8.11.1*:Bio-inspired signal processing for multimedia
  8.11.2*:Multimodal signal fusion in humans and animals
  8.11.3*:Joint bio-inspired and conventional multimedia signal processing
 
9:Sensor Array and Multichannel Signal Processing
 9.1:Sensor Array Processing
  9.1.1*:Beamforming
  9.1.2*:Physics-based sensor array processing
  9.1.3*:Inverse methods
  9.1.4*:Array calibration methods
  9.1.5*:Synthetic aperture methods
  9.1.6*:Signal detection and parameter estimation
  9.1.7*:Direction-of-arrival estimation
  9.1.8*:Source localization, separation, classification, and tracking
  9.1.9*:Blind source separation and channel identification
 9.2:Adaptive Array Signal Processing
  9.2.1*:Adaptive beamforming
  9.2.2*:Space-time adaptive processing
  9.2.3*:MIMO radar and waveform diversity
 9.3:Multi-channel Signal Processing
  9.3.1*:Channel modelling and equalization
  9.3.2*:Multi-channel transceiver design
  9.3.3*:Sparsity structures in multichannel signal processing
  9.3.4*:Multi-channel processing with non-wave based sensors
  9.3.5*:Tensor-based signal processing for multi-sensor systems
 9.4:Multi-antenna and Multi-channel Signal Processing for Communications
  9.4.1*:MIMO systems and algorithms
  9.4.2*:Space-time coding and decoding algorithms
  9.4.3*:MIMO space-time code design and analysis
  9.4.4*:Multi-user MIMO networks
  9.4.5*:Array processing for wireless communications
  9.4.6*:Multi-antenna/multi-channel processing for cognitive radios
 9.5:Sensor and Relay Networks
  9.5.1*:Sensor and relay network signal processing
  9.5.2*:Network beamforming and coding
  9.5.3*:Distributed and cooperative processing
  9.5.4*:Data fusion and decision fusion from multiple sensor types
  9.5.5*:Multi-Sensor processing for smart grid and energy systems
 9.6:Applications of Sensor Array and Multi-channel Signal Processing
  9.6.1*:Radar array processing
  9.6.2*:Sonar array processing
  9.6.3*:Microphone array processing
  9.6.4*:Multi-channel imaging
  9.6.5*:Multi-channel biological and medical modelling and processing
  9.6.6*:Other applications of SAM signal processing
 
10:Signal Processing Education
 10.1*:Signal Processing Education
 
11:Signal Processing for Communications and Networking
 11.1:Signal Transmission and Reception
  11.1.1*:Signal detection, estimation, separation and equalization
  11.1.2*:Channel modeling and estimation, training schemes
  11.1.3*:Capacity and performance analysis/optimization
  11.1.4*:Acquisition, synchronization and tracking
  11.1.5*:Signal representation, modulation, coding and compression
  11.1.6*:Joint source-channel coding and quantization, iterative decoding algorithms
 11.2:Communication Systems and Applications
  11.2.1*:Multi-carrier, OFDM, and DMT communication
  11.2.2*:Multi-rate, CDMA and spread spectrum communication
  11.2.3*:Ultra wideband communication
  11.2.4*:Telephone networks, DSL and powerline communication
  11.2.5*:Applications involving signal processing for communication
  11.2.6*:Computation, Communication, and Control for Smart Grid
  11.2.7*:Communication/Networking Issues in Social Networks
  11.2.8*:Computation, Communication, and Control for Biological Networks
  11.2.9*:Underwater Communication Systems
  11.2.10*:Visible Light Communication Systems
  11.2.11*:Free Space Optical Communication
 11.3:MIMO Communications and Signal Processing
  11.3.1*:MIMO precoder/decoder design, receiver algorithms
  11.3.2*:MIMO channel estimation and equalization
  11.3.3*:MIMO capacity and performance
  11.3.4*:MIMO space-time code design, analysis and decoding algorithms
  11.3.5*:MIMO multi-user and multi-access schemes
 11.4:Communication and Sensing aspects of Sensor Networks, Wireless and Ad-Hoc Networks
  11.4.1*:Distributed and collaborative signal processing
  11.4.2*:Distributed channel and source coding, information-theoretic studies
  11.4.3*:Ad-hoc wireless networks
  11.4.4*:Physical layer issues, cross-layer design
  11.4.5*:Scheduling and queuing protocols
  11.4.6*:Power control, resource management, system level optimization
  11.4.7*:Cognitive Radio and Dynamic Spectrum Access
  11.4.8*:Collaborative Signal Processing for Smart Grid
 
12:Signal Processing Theory and Methods
 12.1:Sampling and Reconstruction
  12.1.1*:Sampling theory and methods
  12.1.2*:Quantization
  12.1.3*:Extrapolation and interpolation
  12.1.4*:Signal reconstruction, restoration and enhancement
  12.1.5*:Multidimensional sampling and reconstruction
 12.2:Signal and System Modeling, Representation and Estimation
  12.2.1*:System modeling
  12.2.2*:Signal and noise modeling
  12.2.3*:System identification and approximation
  12.2.4*:Multidimensional systems
  12.2.5*:Non-stationary signals and time-varying systems
  12.2.6*:Time-frequency and time-scale analysis
  12.2.7*:Blind and semi-blind source separation
 12.3:Statistical Signal Processing
  12.3.1*:Detection and estimation theory and methods
  12.3.2*:Classification and pattern recognition
  12.3.3*:Cyclostationary signal analysis
  12.3.4*:Higher-order and fractional lower-order statistical methods
  12.3.5*:Performance analysis and bounds
  12.3.6*:Spectrum estimation theory and methods
  12.3.7*:Robust methods
  12.3.8*:Independent component analysis
  12.3.9*:Monte-Carlo based signal processing methods
 12.4:Adaptive Signal Processing
  12.4.1*:Adaptive filter analysis and design
  12.4.2*:Fast algorithms for adaptive filtering
  12.4.3*:Frequency-domain and transform-based adaptive filtering
  12.4.4*:Sequential decision theory and methods
  12.4.5*:Performance analysis and bounds
  12.4.6*:Distributed and collaborative signal processing
 12.5:Nonlinear Systems and Signal Processing
  12.5.1*:Median, rank-order and stack type filters
  12.5.2*:Non-Gaussian distribution filters
  12.5.3*:Nonlinear signal and system models
  12.5.4*:Nonlinear random process models
  12.5.5*:Nonlinear adaptive filters
 12.6:Filter Design
  12.6.1*:Filter design criteria and optimization methods
  12.6.2*:Filter architectures
  12.6.3*:Performance analysis
 12.7:Multirate Signal Processing
  12.7.1*:Multirate architectures
  12.7.2*:Filterbanks and wavelets
  12.7.3*:Multirate processing and multiresolution methods
  12.7.4*:Hierarchical models and tree-structured signal processing
 
13:Speech Processing
 13.1:Speech Production (SPE-SPRD)
  13.1.1*:Physical models of the vocal production system
  13.1.2*:Singing and properties of the musical voice
 13.2:Speech Perception and Psychoacoustics (SPE-SPER)
  13.2.1*:Models of Speech Perception
  13.2.2*:Hearing and Psychoacoustics
  13.2.3*:Physiological models and applications thereof
  13.2.4*:Audiology applications
 13.3:Speech Analysis (SPE-ANLS)
  13.3.1*:Spectral and other time-frequency analysis techniques
  13.3.2*:Distortion measures
  13.3.3*:Pitch/fundamental frequency analysis
  13.3.4*:Timing/duration/speaking rate analysis
  13.3.5*:Acoustic-phonetic features (e.g., formants etc)
  13.3.6*:Extraction of non-linguistic information (e.g., gender, emotion, etc)
  13.3.7*:Voice quality/speech disorders
 13.4:Speech Synthesis and Generation, including TTS (SPE-SYNT)
  13.4.1*:Segmental-Level and/or concatenative synthesis
  13.4.2*:Signal Processing/Statistical Model for synthesis
  13.4.3*:Articulatory Synthesis
  13.4.4*:Parametric Synthesis
  13.4.5*:Prosody, Emotional, and Expressive Synthesis
  13.4.6*:Text-to-phoneme conversion
  13.4.7*:Voice Quality
  13.4.8*:Voice Transformation
  13.4.9*:Audio/Visual speech synthesis
  13.4.10*:Multilingual synthesis
  13.4.11*:Quality assessent/evaluation metrics in synthesis
  13.4.12*:Tools and data for speech synthesis
  13.4.13*:Text processing for speech synthesis (text normalization, syntactic and semantic analysis)
 13.5:Speech Coding (SPE-CODI)
  13.5.1*:Narrow-band and wide-band Speech Coding
  13.5.2*:Theory and techniques for signal coding (e.g., waveform, transform)
  13.5.3*:Modulation and source/channel coding
  13.5.4*:Quantization and compression
  13.5.5*:Robust coding for noisy channels
  13.5.6*:Voice Over IP (VOIP)
  13.5.7*:Quality assessent/evaluation metrics (e.g., PESQ) in coding
 13.6:Speech Enhancement (SPE-ENHA)
  13.6.1*:Control and reduction of channel noise (e.g., reverb, room response)
  13.6.2*:Perceptual enhancement of non-noisy speech
  13.6.3*:Speech enhancement for humans with hearing impairments
  13.6.4*:Non-acoustic microphones for enhancement
  13.6.5*:Bandwidth expansion
  13.6.6*:Noise Reduction
 13.7:Acoustic Modeling for Automatic Speech Recognition (SPE-RECO)
  13.7.1*:Feature Extraction
  13.7.2*:Low-level feature modeling - Gaussians & beyond
  13.7.3*:Pronunciation modeling at the acoustic level
  13.7.4*:State clustering and novel state definitions
  13.7.5*:Prosody and other speech characteristics
  13.7.6*:Dialect, accent, and idiolect at the acoustic level
  13.7.7*:Discriminative Acoustic Training Methods for ASR
  13.7.8*:Articulatory and physiological modeling
  13.7.9*:Feature Transformation and Normalization
 13.8:Robust Speech Recognition (SPE-ROBU)
  13.8.1*:Features specifically for robust ASR (noise, channel, etc)
  13.8.2*:Model/backend based robust ASR
  13.8.3*:Confidence measures and rejection
  13.8.4*:Speech Activity/End-point/Barge-in detection
  13.8.5*:Non-acoustic microphones for ASR
 13.9:Speech Adaptation/Normalization (SPE-ADAP)
  13.9.1*:Speaker adaptation and normalization (e.g., VTLN)
  13.9.2*:Speaker adapted training methods
  13.9.3*:Environmental/Channel adaptation
  13.9.4*:Idiolect adaptation
  13.9.5*:Register and/or dialect adaptation
 13.10:General Topics in Speech Recognition (SPE-GASR)
  13.10.1*:Distributed Speech Recognition - Client/Server methods
  13.10.2*:Alternative Statistical/Machine Learning Methods (e.g., no HMMs)
  13.10.3*:Word spotting
  13.10.4*:Metadata (e.g., emotion, speaker, accent) extraction from acoustics
  13.10.5*:New algorithms, computational strategies, data- structures for ASR
  13.10.6*:Multi-modal (such as audio-visual) speech recognition
  13.10.7*:Corpora, annotation, and other resources
  13.10.8*:Algorithm approximation methods in ASR
  13.10.9*:Structured classification approaches
 13.11:Multilingual Recognition and Identification (SPE-MULT)
  13.11.1*:Language (LID) and dialect (DID) identification
  13.11.2*:Multilingual Speech recognition
  13.11.3*:Processing of non-native accents
 13.12:Lexical Modeling and Access (SPE-LEXI)
  13.12.1*:Pronunciation modeling at the lexical level
  13.12.2*:Dialect, accent, and idiolect at the lexical level
  13.12.3*:Multilingual aspects (e.g., unit selection)
  13.12.4*:Automatic lexicon learning
 13.13:Large Vocabulary Continuous Recognition/Search (SPE-LVCR)
  13.13.1*:Decoding algorithms and implementation
  13.13.2*:Lattices
  13.13.3*:Multi-pass strategies
  13.13.4*:Miscellaneous Topics
 13.14:Speaker Recognition and Characterization (SPE-SPKR)
  13.14.1*:Features and characteristics for speaker recognition
  13.14.2*:Robustness to variable and degraded channels
  13.14.3*:Verification, identification, segmentation, and clustering
  13.14.4*:Speaker characterization and adaptation
  13.14.5*:Speaker recognition with speech recognition
  13.14.6*:Speaker confidence estimation
  13.14.7*:Multimodal and multimedia human speaker recognition
  13.14.8*:Corpora, annotation, evaluation, and other resources
  13.14.9*:Higher-level knowledge in speaker recognition
  13.14.10*:Speaker localization (space) (e.g., in meetings)
  13.14.11*:Speaker diarization (time) (e.g., in meetings)
  13.14.12*:Speaker clustering (e.g., in Broadcast news)
 13.15:Resource constrained speech recognition (SPE-RCSR)
  13.15.1*:Low-power speech recognition
  13.15.2*:Reduced computation speech recognition
  13.15.3*:ASR techniques for highly portable/mobile devices
 
14:Spoken Language Processing
 14.1:Spoken Language Understanding (SLP-UNDE)
  14.1.1*:Semantic classification
  14.1.2*:Entity extraction from speech
  14.1.3*:Spoken document summarization
  14.1.4*:Topic spotting and classification
  14.1.5*:Question/answering from speech
  14.1.6*:Paralinguistic (emotion, age, gender, rate, etc.) information
  14.1.7*:Nonlinguistic (meaning external to language) information, gestures, etc.
  14.1.8*:Detecting linguistic/discourse structure (e.g., disfluencies, sentence/topic boundaries, speech acts)
  14.1.9*:Relation to and interpretation of sign language
 14.2:Human Spoken Language Acquisition, Development and Learning (SLP-LADL)
  14.2.1*:Language acquisition, development, and learning models
  14.2.2*:Computer aids for language learning
  14.2.3*:Attributes and modeling techniques for assessment of language fluency
 14.3:Spoken and Multimodal Dialog Systems and Applications (SLP-SMMD)
  14.3.1*:Spoken and multimodal dialog systems, applications, and architectures
  14.3.2*:Stochastic Learning for dialog modeling
  14.3.3*:Response Generation
  14.3.4*:Technologies for the aged
  14.3.5*:Evaluation metrics and standards
  14.3.6*:Speech/voice-based human-computer interfaces (HCI)
  14.3.7*:Speech HCI for individuals with impairments (blindness, etc.) and universal access (UA)
  14.3.8*:Other applications
 14.4:Speech Data Mining (SLP-DM)
  14.4.1*:Analysis, Tools, Evaluations, and Applications for mining spoken data
  14.4.2*:Speech data mining theory, algorithms, and methods
  14.4.3*:Mining heterogeneous speech and multimedia data
 14.5:Speech Retrieval (SLP-IR)
  14.5.1*:Spoken term detection
  14.5.2*:Search/retrieval of speech documents
  14.5.3*:Voice search
 14.6:Machine Translation of Speech (SLP-SSMT)
  14.6.1*:Semi-automatic and data driven methods
  14.6.2*:Speech processing for MTS
  14.6.3*:Corpora, annotation, and other resources
  14.6.4*:Interlingua and transfer approaches
  14.6.5*:Integration of speech and linguistic processing
  14.6.6*:Machine transliteration for named entities
  14.6.7*:Evaluation metrics (e.g., BLEU)
  14.6.8*:Systems and applications for MTS
 14.7:Language Modeling, for Speech and SLP (SLP-LANG)
  14.7.1*:N-grams, their generalizations and smoothing methods.
  14.7.2*:Language Model Adaptation
  14.7.3*:Grammar based language modeling
  14.7.4*:Maxent and feature based language modeling
  14.7.5*:Dialect, accent, and idiolect at the language level
  14.7.6*:Discriminative LM Training Methods
  14.7.7*:Other approaches to LMs
  14.7.8*:Structured classification approaches
 14.8:Spoken language resources and annotation (SLP-REAN)
  14.8.1*:General corpora, annotation, and other resources